![]() Genistein inhibits the growth of both androgen-dependent ( 17, 18) and androgen-independent human PCa cell lines ( 18, 19) and can protect against chemically induced and spontaneously developing PCa in rodent models ( 20, 21). Laboratory studies, including translational studies, support the benefit of genistein, I3C, and DIM in providing a protective effect against PCa. Studies indicate that men whose diets are rich in soy ( 13, 14) or cruciferous vegetables ( 15, 16) have lower incidences of PCa. Genistein, a major soy isoflavone, and 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM), a major bioactive derivative of the dietary phytochemical indole-3-carbinol (I3C) from cruciferous vegetables, reduce the risk of PCa. Lifestyle changes such as diet reduce or delay PCa. Furthermore, E2 metabolism has been shown to play a key role in prostate carcinogenesis. In vitro, studies show that E2 increases proliferation in human PCa cells ( 9) and stimulates carcinoma in situ and adenocarcinoma in the prostates of rats and aging dogs ( 1, 5, 10, 11). Additionally, African American men, who have the highest incidence of PCa in the United States, have serum E2 levels that are consistently higher than those in the general population but similar testosterone levels ( 7), whereas Japanese men have lower circulating E2 levels and a lower risk of PCa ( 8). However, testosterone levels decline with increasing age, whereas E2 levels remain relatively unchanged ( 3– 5), leading to an E2-dominant environment that contributes to prostate carcinogenesis ( 5, 6). It is well known that the incidence of PCa rises exponentially with increasing age. 6 However, current evidence suggests that estrogen is also a contributing factor. ![]() ![]() It is clear that androgens are a major cause of prostate cancer (PCa). We conclude that DIM and genistein decrease the effects of E2 that have the potential to promote PCa. Quantitation by MS indicated increased 2-hydroxyestrogen and decreased 16 α-hydroxyestrone, a result that should result in less estrogenicity and increased amounts of the anticancer metabolite 2-methoxyestrone. The increase in COMT mRNA occurred only when the combination of DIM and genistein (15 μmol/L) was used. Genistein and DIM altered major E2 metabolism pathways in LNCaP and PC-3 (E2 insensitive) PCa cells by increasing the expression of the 2-hydoxylation enzyme cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and the O-methylating enzyme catechol- o-methyltransferase (COMT) as determined by real-time RT-PCR. Both genistein and DIM abrogated the E2 stimulation of PSA. The E2 stimulation in LNCaP cells was consistent with dependence on the androgen receptor, as evidenced by the inhibition of E2-induced proliferation with the antiandrogen casodex, E2 stimulation of an androgen response element luciferase reporter, and E2 stimulation of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) protein expression. Genistein increased proliferation at low concentrations and decreased proliferation at higher concentrations DIM abolished the increased proliferation by genistein. In LNCaP PCa cells (E2 sensitive), DIM decreased E2-induced proliferation. This study examined the potential of these phytochemicals to reduce the adverse effects of E2 on PCa. Olympian Labs DIM formula contains Bioperine, a patented ingredient added for its ability to increase nutrient absorption.Evidence suggests that 17 β-estradiol (E2) contributes to the risk of prostate cancer (PCa), whereas the phytochemicals genistein from soy and 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM), derived from indole-3-carbinol in cruciferous vegetables, decrease the risk of PCa. This unique variable sets DIM apart from other plant nutrients.Īdditionally, higher levels of testosterone and low levels of estrogen have also been linked to lean muscle mass, an efficient fat-burning metabolism, and low abdominal fat. The healthy metabolism of estrogens optimizes the ratio of estrogen metabolites which is crucial for prostate health as well as for breast, uterine, and cervical health. This is done by converting strong and damaging forms of estrogen into weaker forms so it does less harm to testosterone.ĭiindolylmethane (DIM) appears to support the activity of specific enzymes that improve estrogen metabolism. DIM has been shown to support a healthier balance of testosterone to estrogen. Olympian Labs Diindolylmethane (DIM) is a phytochemical that is a natural metabolic compound found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts, and cabbage. When your estrogen and testosterone are imbalanced it can not only affect your mood but also your metabolism, how you age, and breast and prostate health, just to name a few. Balancing your hormone levels can be difficult.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |